I think you are taking the "imaginary" part too seriously... In terms of material reality, "-1" and "1" are equally imaginary as "i" - their "reality" is dependent on the system of mathematics where they are allowed to combine with other mathematical entities following particular rules. "i" is not a REAL number but it IS a number... and "REAL" in this sense, refers to a specific mathematical definition of the set of real numbers, and not the ontological status in the material world. In other words, I wouldn't worry too much about whether it exists if the math is correct (ie. i becomes -1 when squared) ~David ---------- Original Message ------------- Subject: Re: [PD] basic DSP stuff Date: Mon, 7 Nov 2005 16:48:23 -0500 From: Chuckk Hubbard To: pd-list@iem.at Not that I don't appreciate the snide commentary, but this is why I'm asking. You can't forget the sin*sin part. i stands for "imaginary". (slowly: i is "imaginary"). Turning the product of sines into the negative product of sines is imaginary. There is no number that, squared, equals -1. There is no number that, squared, equals -1. It's not really there. Date: Mon, 07 Nov 2005 20:58:36 +0100 > From: Piotr Majdak > Subject: Re: [PD] basic DSP stuff > Cc: Pure Data List > Message-ID: <436FB1EC.80908@majdak.com> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; format=flowed > > Chuckk Hubbard wrote: > > i*sin(a) and i*sin(b) multiply to -sin(a)sin(b)? > > let's forget the sin*sin and look at the i*i part only: since i = > sqrt(-1) by definition, i*i is -1 (slowly: i*i= sqrt(-1)*sqrt(-1) = > sqrt(-1 * -1) = sqrt((-1)^2) = -1) > > Thus, i*sin(a) * i*sin(b) = -1 * sin(a)*sin(b) > > br, piotr > > > > ------------------------------ > -- ~David Powers