<div dir="ltr">Nope, the DAC can freely construct intersample peaks as it sees fit and those can easily exceed 0 dBFS. It has been common practice in the industry for more than a decade to reconstruct clipped samples well above 0 dBFS - partially to make up for shitty mixing and mastering prevalent in music, and also because it's the right way to do it.<div>
<br></div><div>16 bits full scale and 24 bits full scale are the same 0dBFS signal. The bits are added at the bottom not the top.<br><div><br></div></div></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Wed, Jan 1, 2014 at 1:34 PM, Martin Peach <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:martin.peach@sympatico.ca" target="_blank">martin.peach@sympatico.ca</a>></span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div class="im">On 2013-12-31 19:32, Chris Clepper wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
It's very, very easy to avoid any sort of clipping processing by using<br>
hardware with drivers that don't have any! Avid, Apogee, MOTU, RME, and<br>
many others have bit transparent OSX CoreAudio drivers.<br>
<br>
Also, any DAC worth it's using can reconstruct far beyond 0dBFS without<br>
distortion, so hearing volume increase past -1..1 in software is not<br>
surprising. I recall the ADI 1955 and equivalent TI part putting out<br>
+12dBFS or something ridiculous, but those ain't Wolfson low power<br>
headphone codecs neither!<br>
<br>
</blockquote>
<br></div>
A DAC can only go to 0dBFS by definition. If it appears to go beyond that then something is scaling the input to be less than full scale at "full scale".<br>
For instance a 24-bit DAC could be sent 16 16-bit full-scale streams and not clip. Only if 16-bits is considered "full scale" does that make it +12dBFS.<span class="HOEnZb"><font color="#888888"><br>
<br>
Martin</font></span><div class="HOEnZb"><div class="h5"><br>
<br>
<br>
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